Stream 01 · Solid fuel
GRC88® Biocoal
Baseline heat and power — sustainable, low-cost green energy that blends or burns seamlessly with coal at approximately 12,500 BTU/lb.
Co-processing revenue chains
Two revenue streams from one process.
Permanente's platform turns abundant, low-cost waste into two simultaneous revenue streams — a coordinated family of green-energy products and a slate of recovered critical minerals — at volumes measured in millions of tons per year.
The economics are driven from both ends: by what goes in (abundant, low-cost feedstock as a structural cost advantage) and by what comes out (energy and minerals that price directly into existing markets).
01 / The double revenue stream
On both sides of the co-processed stream, cost becomes revenue.
More than four billion tons of red mud are stockpiled worldwide, with another 175 million tons added each year. PIPE™ reactor co-processing neutralizes red mud's caustic alkalinity against the acidity of biomass pyrolysis — without added reagents — making rare-earth and critical-mineral extraction viable while generating both energy and mineral revenue simultaneously.
Biomass side
10×+PROCESSING COST
Economic uplift from waste cellulosic feedstock to finished green-energy product, projected at more than 10× processing cost.
Red mud side
10–20×WASTE-MGMT COST
A perpetual, uncapped waste-management expense becomes a perpetual revenue stream projected at not less than 10×, and as much as 20×, the ongoing cost.
Red mud stockpile
4B+TONS
Accumulated globally, with another ~175 million tons added each year — the feedstock for the mineral revenue stream.
Platform output
MillionsTONS/YR
Coordinated green-energy and mineral output volumes from a single PIPE™ platform.
Liability to asset
For the aluminum industry, red mud converts from liability to asset. For the United States and its allies, a strategic stockpile of critical minerals — long considered economically inaccessible — becomes economically accessible at last.
02 / Output revenue streams
Seven revenue lines from a single platform.
Each output substitutes into an existing market at its existing scale — with no special-purpose machinery, equipment, or capital-intensive conversion required of the customer.
Stream 02 · Metallurgical
GRC88® Biocoke
Green EAF steel, ferrosilicon refining, and pig-iron smelting — a direct substitute for coked fossil metallurgical coal.
Stream 03 · Carbon sink
GRC88® Biochar
Soil amendments, improved crop yields, and water and air filtration — sequestering approximately 2.8 tons of CO2 per ton applied.
Stream 04 · Liquid
GRC88® Bio-oil
Fuel, feedstock for powering electrolyzers for green hydrogen, and roadway slurry and asphalt.
Stream 05 · Chemical
Pyrolysis oil
Chemical feedstocks, sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), DME, diesels, phenols, and plastics.
Stream 06 · Marine & power
GRC88® Marine Fuel
Ships, island power generation, data centers, and peak shaving — a drop-in for a 330-million-ton market.
Stream 07 · Critical minerals
Rare-earth elements & co-products
Rare-earth elements and critical minerals recovered in bulk from red mud through PIPE™ co-processing — magnetite (converted from hematite), titanium dioxide, residual alumina, copper, and silica.
03 / Feedstock abundance
The cost advantage starts with abundance.
Permanente's feedstocks are sustainable wood fiber drawn from domestic and worldwide sources, suitable for carbonizing with its patented technologies. There has never been a shortage of feedstock — only an absence of technology to process it.
Feedstock 01
Forest silviculture & residues
Thinning, whole trees, snags, off-spec species, and logging slash — tops, limbs, butts, root balls — plus sawmilling and panel residuals: bark, slabs, planer shavings, chips, sawdust, trim ends, and sander dust.
Feedstock 02
Fire- and bug-killed fiber
Standing or down dead wood, culled fiber, future wildfire fuel, and the clearing of firebreaks, roadways, power-line rights-of-way, and large brush.
Feedstock 03
Urban wood waste
Construction residues, recycled industrial fabrication and forming wood, pallets, crating, boxes, fences, cabinets, frames, millwork residues, and solid wood trash.
Feedstock 04
Urban green waste
Land-clearing wood with sufficient solid content, all tree types including palm trunks and fronds, pruning, and large brush — ground or chipped.
Feedstock 05
Industrial treated-wood recycling
Railroad ties, crossarms, power and transmission poles, decks, dock piles, foundations, bridge timbers, and cooling towers.
Feedstock 06
Agribusiness by-products
Orchard removals, trimmings, and pruning, plus shells, pits, hulls, straw, stalks, stover, gin trash, bagasse, and cultivated grasses.